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Pandemic Phases

The World Health Organization's current pandemic phase scale is divided into six stages. They are:

Phase 1 - No new influenza virus subtypes detected in humans. An influenza virus subtype that has caused human infection may be present in animals, but risk of human infection considered low.

Phase 2 - No new influenza virus subtypes detected in humans. However, a circulating animal influenza virus subtype poses a substantial risk of human disease.

Phase 3 - Human infection(s) with a new subtype occur, but no human-to-human spread, or at most rare instances of spread to a close contact.

Phase 4 - Small cluster(s) with limited human-to-human transmission but spread is highly localized, suggesting the virus is not well adapted to humans.

Phase 5 - Larger cluster(s) but human-to-human spread still localized, suggesting that the virus is becoming increasingly better adapted to humans, but may not yet be fully transmissible.

Phase 6 - Pandemic: increased and sustained transmission in general population.

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